d8
Abstract
The complexity of culture, language, and the relationship existing between them develops Extra-linguistic Culture-bound Reference (ECR) as a very challenging task for a translator. Considering this, this study was intended to investigate the strategies applied by translators for rendering extra-linguistic references in the Iranian movies screened at international film festivals. To this end, several such movies were randomly selected and viewed to spot the extra-linguistic culturebound references and extract their subtitled English translations. Then, the English-rendered equivalents of the identified Persian references were analyzed and classified according to Pederson’s taxonomy of ECR transfer strategies to recognize which strategies the translators have used to render such items. The obtained results were presented in tables and diagrams to show the frequency and percentage of each utilized strategy. "Substitution" and "direct translation" were reported as the most and the least frequently applied strategies.